Cylinder and concave mill with toothed cooperating surfaces



Oct. 11, 1949. R. c. HOPKINS CYLINDER AND CONCAVE MILL WITH TOOTHED COOPERATING SURFACES Filed Nov. 5, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 11, 1949. R. c. HOPKINS 2,484,509

CYL ER AN ONCAVE MILL W TO ED CO RATING SURFAC Filed NOV. 3, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Rober' i' C. Hopkins Oct. 11, 1949. R. c. HOPKINS 2,484,509

CYLINDER AND CONCAVE MILL WITH TOOTHED COOPERATING SURFACES 7 Filed NOV. 3, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 RObeFZ' C. Hop/8M3 Patented Oct. 11, 1949 OFFICE CYLINDER AND CONCAVE MILL WITH TOOTHED COOPERATING SURFACES Robert 0. Hopkins, Alliance, Ohio Application November 3, 1944, Serial No. 561,693

4 Claims.

The invention relates to mills for pulverizing, breaking up, emulsifying and mixing heavy particles of oils, paints, pigments and other mineral, vegetable and animal matter in liquid state in such condition that they will flow and are capable of being ground and mixed withwater, oils or other liquids.

The object of the improvement is to provide a mill designed to cut, grind, mix and emulsify the heavy particles of solid or semi-solid substances of oil or other liquid to such an extentthat it is thoroughly mixed and of proper consistency or in condition to flow freely through pipe lines, valves and the like.

Another object is to provide a mill of this character in which a gang of rotary saws is located longitudinally through the mill and closely surrounded by a series of milling cutter rings provided with internal teeth of various shapes and sizes forming milling cutters which cooperate with the gang of rotary saws.

Still another object is to provide a rotary mill of this character in which the milling cutter rings are of substantial thickness and the rotary saws are relativel thin, so that the teeth of several of the circular saws cooperate with the teeth of each milling cutter ring.

It is another object of the invention to provide such a mill in which the teeth of the milling cutter rings are graduated in series of anyv required ratio.

A still further object is to provide a rotary mill 7 this type in which the pitch of the teeth within the milling cutter rings varies from one end of the mill housing to the other.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a rotary mill of the character referred to in which the circular saws are separated by spacers and the milling cutter rings are located in juxtaposition to each other.

A further object of the invention is to provide a mill of the type referred to in which the teeth upon the milling cutter rings decrease in size and increase in number from the inlet end of the mill toward the outlet end thereof.

A still further object is to provide a rotary mill in which the rotary saws are spaced apart a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the saws.

The above objects together with others which will be apparent from the drawings and following description or which may be hereinafter referred to, may be attained by constructing the improved rotary mill in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a side elevation of a rotary mill embodying the invention;

Fig. .2 an enlarged longitudinal sectional view through the mill;

Fig. 3 a transverse sectional view taken as on the line 33, Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 a plan view of the milling cutter ring located at the inlet end of the mill;

Fig. 5 a similar view of the next adjacent milling cutter ring;

Fig. 6 a similar view of the third milling cutter ring from the inlet end;

Fig. '7 a similar view of the fourth milling cutter ring from the inlet end; I

Fig. 8 a similar view of the fifth milling "cutter ring from the inlet end, and v Fig. 9 a similar view of the milling cutter ring located adjacent to the outlet end of the mill.

The improved mill is illustrated as embodied in a vertical structure but it should be understood that if desired, the mill may be located in horizontal position without in any manner changing any of the construction, arrangement or operation thereof.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated the mill is shown as mounted upon a base Ill upon which is superimposed the mill housing ll, 2. frame I2 being mounted above the mill housing and supporting the motor [3.

The shaft I4 is connected to the rotor shaft l5 of the mill through a coupling iii, a packing gland I! being provided at the upper end of the mill housing for preventing leakage around the shaft An inlet pipe l8 leads from any suitable source of supply of oil or other liquid or semi-fluid under pressure to the inlet port i9 in the lower end of the mill housing I I, and an outlet or discharge pipe 20 leads from the upper end of the housing I l to a suitable storage place, or in the case of fuel oil may lead to the burners of a kiln or furnace, or the like. I

The shaft l5 may be journalled in a bearing 2| in the upper portion of the housing H and the lower end thereof is journalled in a bearing 22 in the bearing boss 23 at the lower end of the housing and may be provided with an anti-friction thrust bearing '24.

As shown in Fig. 2 the shaft 1 5 maybe enclosed between the bearings 21 and 22 as indicated at l5 and provided with screw threaded portions 25 3 at each end of the enlarged portion to receive nuts 26 for mounting the tubular mandrel 21 upon the shaft. The mandrel may be held against rotation relative to the shaft by any suitable means such as the key 28.

The annular flange 29 may be formed upon the upper end of the mandrel and a gang or circular saws 3;) is mounted upon the mandrel and spaced apart by spacers 3! which may be of substantially the same thickness as the saws. The gang of saws butt against the flange 29 at one end and is clamped between the flange and the mandrel plate or ring 32 by means of the nut 33 mounted upon the screw threaded portion 34 at the opposite end of the mandrel.

A look plate or ring 35 may be interposed between one end of the mandrel and the adjacent nut 26, and may be, as shown in Fig. 2, located between the mandrel nut 35 and the adjacent shaft nut 25, the lock plate or ring 35 being provided with the annular lip 35, contacting the mandrel nut 33.

Stationary milling cutters are provided within the housing ll, surrounding the gang of rotary saws, these milling cutters being in the form of rings of substantial thickness provided with internal teeth located in close proximity to the teeth of the rotary saws 30.

The number of milling cutter rings may vary according to the size of the mill and the material to be milled, and the size pitch and form of the internal teeth upon the milling cutter rings may vary as occasion may require.

However in any case the arrangement of the milling cutter rings is such that the ring adjacent to the inlet end of the mill is provided with a comparatively small number of comparatively large teeth, the number of teeth increasing and the size of the teeth diminishing from the inlet end toward the outlet or discharge end of the mill.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings six milling cutter rings are shown, and indicated by the numbers 31a, 31b, 31c 31d, Me, and 31; located respectively from the inlet toward the outlet end of the mill.

The cutter ring 37a is provided with a minimum number of comparatively large teeth 38 and in the embodiment illustrated there are twenty-two V-shaped teeth upon the interior of the ring. The second cutter ring 37122 is provided with large teeth 39 as best shown in Fig. having fiat edges 40 and rounded sides 4!, there being twenty-two of these teeth shown upon the ring 311).

The third milling cutter ring 310, shown in Fig. 6, may be provided with a greater number of smaller teeth 42 of substantially the same shape as the teeth on the ring 311), in the present case twenty-nine of the teeth 42 being shown upon the ring 310.

The ring 31d shown in Fig. 7 is provided with a still greater number of teeth of smaller size, forty V-shaped teeth. 43 being shown in Fig. 7.

A still greater number of smaller teeth is preferably provided upon the fifth cutter ring 37c, and as shown in Fig. 8 forty-seven V-shaped teeth 44 are provided within this ring. The sixth and uppermost ring 31 located nearest to the outlet end of the mill and shown in detail in Fig. 9, is provided with the largest number of smallest teeth, fifty-six small V-shaped teeth 45 being shown around the interior of this ring.

Although six cutter rings with teeth of a specific size, shape and number are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that any desired number of milling cutter rings with graduated teeth of any required ratio may be provided within the mill housing depending upon the nature of the material to be milled, the present embodiment being given merely as an example.

In the operation of the mill, oil or other liquid or semi-liquid material under pressure, is admitted to the lower end of the housing through the inlet pipe [8 and passes upward around the rotating gang saws 36 and successively through the series of milling cutters 31a to 31 inclusive and then out through the discharge pipe 20.

The rotating gang saws cause a spinning motion of the material within each milling cutter and by centrifugal force the material is thrown outward from the saws against the stationary teeth of the milling cutters setting up turbulence between the teeth of each milling cutter ring and having the efiect of dividing the solid and semi-solid particles of the material into fine grain size as the material successively passes upward through the graduated series of milling cutters, producing thorough cutting, grinding, mixing, emulsifying and homogenizing of the material as it passes through the mill.

The turbulence set up within each of the mixing cutter rings will reduce any tendency toward clogging of the saw teeth and it will further be seen that a dissolving action of the heavy parti: cles 0f the oil or other material will be created by the generating of heat resulting from the milling and cutting up of these heavier particles.

From the above it will be evident that a novel and eificient apparatus is provided for pulverizing, breaking up, milling, cutting and emulsifying heavy particles of solids or semi-solids of oils, paints, pigments, and other mineral, vegetable and animal matter in liquid or semi-liquid condition.

According to the provisions of the patent statutes, I have explained the principle of my invention and illustrated and described one embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated and described, the invention residing in the rotary gang of circular saws surrounded by the stationary milling cutter rings provided with internal teeth.

I claim:

1. A rotary mill including a housing, a cylindrical gang of revolving circular saws within the housing, relatively small \I-shape teeth upon said saws a plurality of stationary, annular cylindrical milling cutters fixed within the housing and surrounding the gang of saws, said milling cutters having internal teeth located in close proximity to and several times the size of the teeth of the circular saws throughout their entire length, said saws being relatively thin and said annular milling cutters being comparatively thick, and means for passing liquid or semi-liquid material through the housing and around said gang of saws and successively through said milling cutters.

2. A rotary mill including a housing, a cylindrical gang of revolving circular saws within the housing, relatively small V-shape teeth upon said saws a plurality of stationary, annular cylindrical milling cutters fixed within the housing and surrounding the gan of saws, said milling cutters having internal teeth located in close proximity to and several times the size of the teeth of the circular saws throughout their entire length, said saws being relatively thin, spacers of substantially the same thickness as the saws located between adjacent saws, and the annular milling cutters being comparatively thick and located in juxtaposition to each other, and means for passing liquid or semi-liquid material through the housing and around said gang of saws and successively through said milling cutters.

3. A rotary mill including a housing, a cylindrical gang of revolving circular saws within the housing, relatively small V-shape teeth upon said saws a plurality of stationary, annular cylindrical milling cutters fixed within the housing and surrounding the gang of saws, said milling cutters having internal teeth located in close proximity to and several times the size of the teeth of the circular saws throughout their entire length, the internal teeth in said milling cutters being graduated in size from the inlet end of the mill toward the outlet end thereof, said saws being relatively thin, spacers of substantially the same thickness as the saws located between adjacent saws, and the annular milling cutters being comparatively thick and located in juxtaposition to each other, and means for passing liquid or semiliquid material through the housing and around said gang of saws and successively through said milling cutters.

4. A rotary mill including a vertical housing, a cylindrical rotor located longitudinally within the housing, a gang of circular saws upon said rotor said saws having relatively small V-shape teeth,

a plurality of stationary, annular cylindrical milling cutters fixed within the housing and surrounding and concentric to the gang of saws, said milling cutters having internal teeth located in close proximity to and several times the size of the teeth of the circular saws throughout their entire length, said internal teeth decreasing in size from the lower end of the housing toward the upper end thereof, and means for passing liquid or semi-liquid material upward through the housing and around said gang of saws and successively through said milling cutters.

ROBERT C. HOPKINS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 267,768 Bailey et al Nov. 21, 1882 962,543 Wyss June 28, 1910 1,207,831 Allen Dec. 12, 1916 1,873,409 Hopkins Aug. 23, 1932 1,941,770 Welford Jan. 2, 1934 1,963,204 Kutaszewicz June 19, 1934 2,111,364 Hopkins Mar. 15, 1938 2,365,904 Peake Dec. 26, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 214,974 Germany Oct. 22, 1909 270,798 Great Britain May 11, 1927 432,523 Germany Aug. 7, 1926 584,861 France Nov. 28, 1924 

